Physiology versus Anatomy

Anatomy & Physiology

The incidence is about 1:10,000 live people. Normal human development results in an asymmetrical arrangement of the organs within the chest and abdomen. Typically, the heart lies on the left side of the body (levocardia), the liver and spleen lie on the right. Mirror image i.e. transposition of abdominal and thoracic viscera is termed Situs inversus totalis. It has shown the anomalies of rotati...

Heartbeat: Anatomy versus physiology for diagnosis of coronary artery disease.

The optimal approach to the initial diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chest pain symptoms is controversial. Historically, graded treadmill exercise stress testing for diagnosis of CAD was proposed in 1963 by Robert A. Bruce in Seattle because direct visualisation of the coronary arteries was expensive and risky at that time. Over the intervening five decades, a plethor...

Respiratory Anatomy and Physiology

The opening chapters cover muscle glycogen and endurance exercise, the insulin-like effects of muscle contraction, cardiovascular adaptations to endurance exercise, and the relationship between cardiovascular drugs and exercise. These chapters satisfactorily describe the methods involved in quantitating present and past data from animal and human studies. Wisely, the authors' conclusions from a...

Lens Anatomy and Physiology

Cataracts are opacities within the lens that may affect a small portion of the lens or the entire lens. Cataracts are a leading cause of blindness in dogs. They may be due to hereditary factors, metabolic diseases, inflammation, or other causes. A thorough ophthalmic and physical examination, complete blood cell count, biochemical evaluation, electroretinography, and ocular ultrasonography shou...

Physiology and Anatomy